本节引言:

本节给大家带来基础UI控件部分的最后一个控件:DrawerLayout,官方给我们提供的一个侧滑菜单控件,和上一节的ViewPager一样,3.0以后引入,低版本使用它,需要v4兼容包,说到侧滑,相信很多人都用过github上的SlidingMenu,不过好像有两个版本,一个是单独的,另一个需要依赖另一个开源项目:ActionBarSherlock;既然Google为我们提供了这个控件,为何不用咧,而且在Material Design设计规范中,随处可见的很多侧滑菜单的动画效果,大都可以通过Toolbar +DrawerLayout来实现~,本节我们就来探究下这个DrawerLayout的一个基本用法~还有人喜欢把他称为抽屉控件~官方文档:DrawerLayout


1.使用的注意事项

  • 1.主内容视图一定要是DrawerLayout的第一个子视图
  • 2.主内容视图宽度和高度需要match_parent
  • 3.必须显示指定侧滑视图的android:layout_gravity属性android:layout_gravity = "start"时,从左向右滑出菜单android:layout_gravity = "end"时,从右向左滑出菜单不推荐使用left和right!!!
  • 侧滑视图的宽度以dp为单位,不建议超过320dp(为了总能看到一些主内容视图)
  • 设置侧滑事件:mDrawerLayout.setDrawerListener(DrawerLayout.DrawerListener);
  • 要说一点:可以结合Actionbar使用当用户点击Actionbar上的应用图标,弹出侧滑菜单!这里就要通过ActionBarDrawerToggle,它是DrawerLayout.DrawerListener的具体实现类,我们可以重写ActionBarDrawerToggle的onDrawerOpened()和onDrawerClosed()以监听抽屉拉出或隐藏事件!但是这里我们不讲,因为5.0后我们使用的是Toolbar!有兴趣的可以自行查阅相关文档!

2.使用代码示例


示例1:单个侧滑菜单的实现

运行效果图

2.6.4 DrawerLayout(官方侧滑菜单)的简单使用

实现关键代码

首先是我们的主布局,注意:最外层要是DrawerLayout哦!!!!

activity_main.xml

<android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout xmlns:android="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:id="@+id/drawer_layout"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent">    <FrameLayout        android:id="@+id/ly_content"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="match_parent" />    <ListView        android:id="@+id/list_left_drawer"        android:layout_width="180dp"        android:layout_height="match_parent"        android:layout_gravity="start"        android:background="#080808"        android:choiceMode="singleChoice"        android:divider="#FFFFFF"        android:dividerHeight="1dp" /></android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout>

接着ListView的布局代码和domain类:Item比较简单,就不给出了,直接上中间Fragment的布局以及代码吧!另外Adapter直接复用我们之前写的那个可复用的MyAdapter!

fg_content.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><RelativeLayout xmlns:android="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:orientation="vertical">    <TextView        android:id="@+id/tv_content"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_centerInParent="true"        android:textSize="25sp" /></RelativeLayout>

ContentFragment.java

/** * Created by Jay on 2015/10/8 0008. */public class ContentFragment extends Fragment {    private TextView tv_content;    @Override    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fg_content, container, false);        tv_content = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_content);        String text = getArguments().getString("text");        tv_content.setText(text);        return view;    }}   

最后是我们的Activity类

MainActivity.java

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements AdapterView.OnItemClickListener{    private DrawerLayout drawer_layout;    private ListView list_left_drawer;    private ArrayList<Item> menuLists;    private MyAdapter<Item> myAdapter = null;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        drawer_layout = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);        list_left_drawer = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list_left_drawer);        menuLists = new ArrayList<Item>();        menuLists.add(new Item(R.mipmap.iv_menu_realtime,"实时信息"));        menuLists.add(new Item(R.mipmap.iv_menu_alert,"提醒通知"));        menuLists.add(new Item(R.mipmap.iv_menu_trace,"活动路线"));        menuLists.add(new Item(R.mipmap.iv_menu_settings,"相关设置"));        myAdapter = new MyAdapter<Item>(menuLists,R.layout.item_list) {            @Override            public void bindView(ViewHolder holder, Item obj) {                holder.setImageResource(R.id.img_icon,obj.getIconId());                holder.setText(R.id.txt_content, obj.getIconName());            }        };        list_left_drawer.setAdapter(myAdapter);        list_left_drawer.setOnItemClickListener(this);    }    @Override    public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {        ContentFragment contentFragment = new ContentFragment();        Bundle args = new Bundle();        args.putString("text", menuLists.get(position).getIconName());        contentFragment.setArguments(args);        FragmentManager fm = getSupportFragmentManager();        fm.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.ly_content,contentFragment).commit();        drawer_layout.closeDrawer(list_left_drawer);    }}

代码很简单,就不多说了~


示例2.左右两个侧滑菜单的实现

嗯,不知道你有没有发现,从上面的DrawerLayout的布局,我们大概可以猜到,DrawerLayout最多由三个部分组成,中间的内容部分,左边的侧滑菜单部分,右边的侧滑菜单部分组成!下面我们来写一个带有两个侧滑菜单的示例!

运行效果图

2.6.4 DrawerLayout(官方侧滑菜单)的简单使用

代码实现

首先我们创建两个Fragment以及对应的布局,他们分别是左右侧滑菜单!

左边Fragment

布局:fg_left.xml,这里就用了一个图片而以,点击后弹出一个新的Activity;当然你可以根据自己的需求进行扩展!

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent">    <ImageView        android:id="@+id/img_bg"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="match_parent"        android:background="@mipmap/bg_menu_left"/></LinearLayout>

对应的LeftFragment.java

/** * Created by Jay on 2015/10/9 0009. */public class LeftFragment extends Fragment{    private DrawerLayout drawer_layout;    @Override    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fg_left, container, false);        ImageView img_bg = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.img_bg);        img_bg.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {            @Override            public void onClick(View v) {                getActivity().startActivity(new Intent(getActivity(),OtherActivity.class));                drawer_layout.closeDrawer(Gravity.START);            }        });        return view;    }    //暴露给Activity,用于传入DrawerLayout,因为点击后想关掉DrawerLayout    public void setDrawerLayout(DrawerLayout drawer_layout){        this.drawer_layout = drawer_layout;    }}

右面的Fragment

布局就三个按钮,点击后替换中间部分的Fragment,布局fg_right.xml代码如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:background="#2F9AF2"    android:gravity="center"    android:orientation="vertical">    <Button        android:id="@+id/btn_one"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:text="菜单项一" />    <Button        android:id="@+id/btn_two"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:text="菜单项二" />    <Button        android:id="@+id/btn_three"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:text="菜单项三" /></LinearLayout>

然后对应的是RightFragment.java

/** * Created by Jay on 2015/10/9 0009. */public class RightFragment extends Fragment implements View.OnClickListener{    private DrawerLayout drawer_layout;    private FragmentManager fManager;    @Override    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fg_right, container, false);        view.findViewById(R.id.btn_one).setOnClickListener(this);        view.findViewById(R.id.btn_two).setOnClickListener(this);        view.findViewById(R.id.btn_three).setOnClickListener(this);        fManager = getActivity().getSupportFragmentManager();        return view;    }    @Override    public void onClick(View v) {        switch (v.getId()){            case R.id.btn_one:                ContentFragment cFragment1 = new ContentFragment("1.点击了右侧菜单项一",R.color.blue);                fManager.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fly_content,cFragment1).commit();                drawer_layout.closeDrawer(Gravity.END);                break;            case R.id.btn_two:                ContentFragment cFragment2 = new ContentFragment("2.点击了右侧菜单项二",R.color.red);                fManager.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fly_content,cFragment2).commit();                drawer_layout.closeDrawer(Gravity.END);                break;            case R.id.btn_three:                ContentFragment cFragment3 = new ContentFragment("3.点击了右侧菜单项三",R.color.yellow);                fManager.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fly_content,cFragment3).commit();                drawer_layout.closeDrawer(Gravity.END);                break;        }    }    public void setDrawerLayout(DrawerLayout drawer_layout){        this.drawer_layout = drawer_layout;    }}

另外还有一个中间部分填充的ContentFragment,布局:fg_content.xml如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><RelativeLayout xmlns:android="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:orientation="vertical">    <TextView        android:id="@+id/tv_content"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_centerInParent="true"        android:textSize="25sp" /></RelativeLayout>

ContentFragment.java

public class ContentFragment extends Fragment {    private TextView tv_content;    private String strContent;    private int bgColor;    public ContentFragment(String strContent,int bgColor) {        this.strContent = strContent;        this.bgColor = bgColor;    }    @Override    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fg_content, container, false);        view.setBackgroundColor(getResources().getColor(bgColor));        tv_content = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_content);        tv_content.setText(strContent);        return view;    }}

编写好以后,就到我们的Activity的布局了以及Activity的代码了:在此之前我们还需要些一个顶部条形栏的布局:

view_topbar.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><RelativeLayout xmlns:android="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="wrap_content"    android:background="#DCDEDB">    <Button        android:id="@+id/btn_right"        android:layout_width="40dp"        android:layout_height="40dp"        android:layout_centerVertical="true"        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"        android:background="@drawable/btn_selctor"/></RelativeLayout>

然后是activity_main.xml

<android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout xmlns:android="https://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    xmlns:tools="https://schemas.android.com/tools"    android:id="@+id/drawer_layout"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent">    <LinearLayout        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="match_parent"        android:orientation="vertical">        <include            android:id="@+id/topbar"            layout="@layout/view_topbar"            android:layout_width="wrap_content"            android:layout_height="48dp" />        <FrameLayout            android:id="@+id/fly_content"            android:layout_width="match_parent"            android:layout_height="match_parent" />    </LinearLayout>    <fragment        android:id="@+id/fg_left_menu"        android:name="jay.com.drawerlayoutdemo2.LeftFragment"        android:layout_width="300dp"        android:layout_height="match_parent"        android:layout_gravity="start"        android:tag="LEFT"        tools:layout="@layout/fg_left" />    <fragment        android:id="@+id/fg_right_menu"        android:name="jay.com.drawerlayoutdemo2.RightFragment"        android:layout_width="100dp"        android:layout_height="match_parent"        android:layout_gravity="end"        android:tag="RIGHT"        tools:layout="@layout/fg_right" /></android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout>  

最后是MainActivity.java

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {    private DrawerLayout drawer_layout;    private FrameLayout fly_content;    private View topbar;    private Button btn_right;    private RightFragment fg_right_menu;    private LeftFragment fg_left_menu;    private FragmentManager fManager;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        fManager = getSupportFragmentManager();        fg_right_menu = (RightFragment) fManager.findFragmentById(R.id.fg_right_menu);        fg_left_menu = (LeftFragment) fManager.findFragmentById(R.id.fg_left_menu);        initViews();    }    private void initViews() {        drawer_layout = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);        fly_content = (FrameLayout) findViewById(R.id.fly_content);        topbar = findViewById(R.id.topbar);        btn_right = (Button) topbar.findViewById(R.id.btn_right);        btn_right.setOnClickListener(this);        //设置右面的侧滑菜单只能通过编程来打开        drawer_layout.setDrawerLockMode(DrawerLayout.LOCK_MODE_LOCKED_CLOSED,                Gravity.END);        drawer_layout.setDrawerListener(new DrawerLayout.DrawerListener() {            @Override            public void onDrawerSlide(View view, float v) {            }            @Override            public void onDrawerOpened(View view) {            }            @Override            public void onDrawerClosed(View view) {                drawer_layout.setDrawerLockMode(                        DrawerLayout.LOCK_MODE_LOCKED_CLOSED, Gravity.END);            }            @Override            public void onDrawerStateChanged(int i) {            }        });        fg_right_menu.setDrawerLayout(drawer_layout);        fg_left_menu.setDrawerLayout(drawer_layout);    }    @Override    public void onClick(View v) {        drawer_layout.openDrawer(Gravity.RIGHT);        drawer_layout.setDrawerLockMode(DrawerLayout.LOCK_MODE_UNLOCKED,                Gravity.END);    //解除锁定    }}

好的,至此就大功告成了~,呼呼,下面说下看代码时可能会有的疑惑:

  • 1. drawer_layout.openDrawer(Gravity.END);
    这句是设置打开的哪个菜单START代表左边,END代表右边
  • 2. drawer_layout.setDrawerLockMode(DrawerLayout.LOCK_MODE_LOCKED_CLOSED,Gravity.END);锁定右面的侧滑菜单,不能通过手势关闭或者打开,只能通过代码打开!即调用openDrawer方法!接着 drawer_layout.setDrawerLockMode(DrawerLayout.LOCK_MODE_UNLOCKED,Gravity.END);解除锁定状态,即可以通过手势关闭侧滑菜单最后在drawer关闭的时候调用:drawer_layout.setDrawerLockMode(DrawerLayout.LOCK_MODE_LOCKED_CLOSED, Gravity.END);再次锁定右边的侧滑菜单!
  • 3. 布局代码中的Tag属性的作用?答:这里没用到,在重写DrawerListener的onDrawerSlide方法时,我们可以通过他的第一个参数drawerView,调用drawerView.getTag().equals("START")判断触发菜单事件的是哪个菜单!然后可以进行对应的操作!

3.代码示例下载

DrawerLayoutDemo.zip

DrawerLayoutDemo2.zip


本节小结:

好的,本节给大家介绍了官方的侧滑控件DrawerLayout的基本用法,使用起来非常的方便!当然这里仅仅是简单的使用演示,另外看到弘扬大神写过一篇:Android DrawerLayout 高仿QQ5.2双向侧滑菜单有兴趣可以看看,如果看完本节的内容,相信你看起来不会怎么吃力~好的!

本节就到这里,跟UI控件这一章说拜拜了~下一章我们开始绘图与动画了,为我们进阶部分的自定义控件系列打基础!2.6.4 DrawerLayout(官方侧滑菜单)的简单使用